Piston for internal-combustion engines



lag 3,054

Nov. 25, 1930. J. RADLOF'F PISTON FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENQI'NES FiledNov. 20, 1928 r I I r 1 war?! Patented Nov. 25, 1930 UNITED STATESPATENT OFFICE J'OHANNES BADLOFF, OF BERLIN, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR '10GENERAL ELECTRIC COM- PANY, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK PISTON FORINTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES Application filed November 20, 1928, SerialNo. 320,675, and in Germany December 13, i927.

The present invention relates to pistons for double acting internalcombustion engines, and especially to such pistons wherein the upper andlower piston caps or heads are connected to the piston rod through anintermediate supporting body which transmits the piston forces to thepiston rod.

The object of the invention is to provide an improved construction andarrangement in a piston of the above referred to type,

which can be readily assembled and dismantled and wherein the partssubjected to high temperature are free to expand and contract withoutsetting up excessive strains.

For a consideration of what I believe to be novel and my invention,attention is directed to the following specification and claims appendedthereto.

In the drawing the figure is a longitudinal sectional view through apiston embodying the invention. 4

Referring to the drawing, (1 indicates a piston rod which is providedwith a flange b with which engages the lower piston head or cap 0.Surrounding the piston rod is a supporting body or frame (3 which at itslower end engages head 0 and serves to hold it in position, thesupporting body being fixed in place by a nut e which threads onto theupper end of piston rod (1. In order to make the nut e accessible theupper part 7 of the supporting body is not made in one piece with thelower part d but is connected with the lower part by means of the bolts9. The

variations in the length of the piston ,are

taken care of by means of a packing h. Connected: to the upper end ofthesupporting body is the upper piston head or cap 2', the same beingfastened to the portion f of the supporting body by means of bolts 7:.In connection with the piston head i and also the piston head 0 it willbe noted that they are fixed in position only at one end, the other endswhich comprise the flange portion of the piston heads which carry thepiston rings being unattached so that they can expand freely. In otherwords, each piston head comprises an end wall and a flange and in eachcase the end wall is attached to the rod and the supporting body, theflange being left free to expand.

The cooling chambers Z in the piston heads or caps cand z are directlyinter-connected by suitable passages so that cooling medium maycirculate through them and they are sealed against the space between thesupporting body and the piston shell, which shell comprises the pistonelements m, n, 0, by means of packing boxes p. The piston shellcomprising elements on, n, 0, is located between the two piston heads 0and i; the middle part 'n-of the piston shell is in the form of acontinuous ring, the same not being divided longitudinally, and it isfastened to the middle portion of the supporting body d by means of thescrews g. The piston shell elements m and 0 are divided longitudinallyinto two or more arcuate sections, so that they can be re moved to giveaccess to the bolts 9 and the packing boxes p. The elements on and 0 areI held in place by the projecting flanges 1" which engage correspondinggrooves in the piston shell element n or in the supporting body /i.

The sections of the piston shell elements m and 0 are connected to eachother in any suit able manner; for example, the adjacent sections may beprovided with abutting ears 5 provided with openings for the receptionof suitable bolts, the bolts being rendered accessible through theopenings indicated at 6.

In connection with the construction, it will be noted that clearances sare provided between the individual parts of the piston shell andbetween the piston shell and the cylinder heads or caps c and Theseclearances are made sufficiently large to permit of free e5:- pansion ofthe cylinder heads as well as of the individual parts of the pistonshell.

By the above described arrangement it will be seen that I have provideda piston lower ends of and positioned by said supporting body, saidpiston heads comprising end walls which are fixed to said supportingbody and integral flanges which are free to expand and contract, and apiston shell carried by the supporting body and located between theintegral flanges, said piston shell being connected to the supportingbody at only one point whereby it is free to expand in an axialdirection.

2. In a piston structure for double-acting internal combustion engines,the combination of a piston rod, a supporting body on the rod,

piston heads adjacent the upper and lower ends of and positioned by saidsupporting body, said piston heads comprising end walls which are fixedto said supporting body and integral flanges which are free to expandand contract, and said piston heads and supporting body having engagingwalls which define cooling chambers, and packing means arranged betweenthe free ends of the mtegral flanges and said supporting body to preventleakage from said cooling chambers.

3. In a piston structure for double-acting internal combustion engines,the combination of a piston rod, a supporting body on the rod, pistonheads adjacent the upper and lower ends of and positioned by saidsupporting body, said piston heads comprising end walls which are fixedto said supporting body and integral flanges which are free to expandand contract, and a piston shell carried by the supporting body andlocated between the integral flanges, said piston shell being dividedtransversely into a plurality of sections, some of said sections beingdivided longitudinally into a plurality of parts, and means forfastening said parts into position.

4. In a piston structure for double-acting internal combustion engines,the combination of a piston rod, a supporting body on the rod, pistonheads adjacent the upper and lower ends of and positioned by saidsupporting body, said piston heads comprising end walls which are fixedto said supporting body and integral flanges which are free to expandand contract, and a piston shell carried by the supporting body andlocated between the integral flanges, said shell being dividedtransversely into a plurality of sections, some of said sections beingdivided longitudinally into a plurality of parts, means for fasteningsaid parts into position, and projecting flanges on said dividedsections which engage adjacent parts for holding the divided sections inposition.

5. In a piston structure for double-acting internal combustion engines,the combination of a piston rod, a supporting body on the rod, pistonheads carried by said rod and supporting body, each head comprising anend wall and an integral flange, and a piston shell carried by thesupporting body and located bei tween the ends of said flanges, adjacentends of said flanges and shell being spaced axially whereby such partsare free to expand.

6. In a piston structure for double-acting internal combustion engines,the combination of a piston rod, a supporting body on the rod, pistonheads carried by said rod and supporting body, each head comprising anend wall and an integral flange, and a piston shell carried by thesupporting body and located between the ends of said flanges said pistonshell being divided transversely into a plurality of sections, and saidsections being spaced axially from each other and from the adjacent endsof said flangcs'whereby said parts are free to expand.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand this 3rd day ofNovember; 1928.

JOHANNES RADLOFF.

